https://stepinto.dev/tags/data/Recent content in Data on Step Into DevHugoen-gbWed, 28 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000https://stepinto.dev/posts/where-ai-research-happens/Wed, 28 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000https://stepinto.dev/posts/where-ai-research-happens/<p><a href="https://stepinto.dev/posts/compute-isnt-the-constraint/">Compute Isn&rsquo;t the Constraint</a> argued that the UK&rsquo;s sovereign AI fund is buying the wrong input. That post was prose. This one is the numbers behind it, drawn so you can check them, with the source data under every chart as CSV. The sources are at the end.</p> <h2 id="who-publishes" id="who-publishes">Who publishes<a href="#who-publishes" class="heading-anchor" aria-hidden="true">#</a> </h2> <figure class="chart"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 720 360" width="720" height="360" role="img" aria-labelledby="t d" font-family="Inter, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif" style="max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block"><title id="t">Share of global AI publications, 2000 to 2025</title><desc id="d">Three lines. China rises from 5% to 36%. The EU falls from 30% to 12%. The US falls from 28% to 12%.</desc><rect width="720" height="360" fill="#0d1117"/><line x1="48" y1="312.0" x2="570" y2="312.0" stroke="#1c2430" stroke-width="1"/><text x="40.0" y="316.0" font-size="11" fill="#6f7a8c" text-anchor="end" font-weight="400" >0%</text><line x1="48" y1="241.0" x2="570" y2="241.0" stroke="#1c2430" stroke-width="1"/><text x="40.0" y="245.0" font-size="11" fill="#6f7a8c" text-anchor="end" font-weight="400" >10%</text><line x1="48" y1="170.0" x2="570" y2="170.0" stroke="#1c2430" stroke-width="1"/><text x="40.0" y="174.0" font-size="11" fill="#6f7a8c" text-anchor="end" font-weight="400" >20%</text><line x1="48" y1="99.0" x2="570" y2="99.0" stroke="#1c2430" stroke-width="1"/><text x="40.0" y="103.0" font-size="11" fill="#6f7a8c" text-anchor="end" font-weight="400" >30%</text><line x1="48" y1="28.0" x2="570" y2="28.0" stroke="#1c2430" stroke-width="1"/><text x="40.0" y="32.0" font-size="11" fill="#6f7a8c" text-anchor="end" font-weight="400" >40%</text><text x="48.0" y="332.0" font-size="11" fill="#6f7a8c" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="400" >2000</text><text x="152.4" y="332.0" font-size="11" fill="#6f7a8c" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="400" >2005</text><text x="256.8" y="332.0" font-size="11" fill="#6f7a8c" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="400" >2010</text><text x="361.2" y="332.0" font-size="11" fill="#6f7a8c" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="400" >2015</text><text x="465.6" y="332.0" font-size="11" fill="#6f7a8c" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="400" >2020</text><text x="570.0" y="332.0" font-size="11" fill="#6f7a8c" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="400" >2025</text><line x1="48" y1="312.0" x2="570" y2="312.0" stroke="#2c3542" stroke-width="1"/><polyline points="48.0,277.2 152.4,182.1 256.8,108.5 361.2,191.2 465.6,165.5 570.0,57.0" fill="none" stroke="#3987e5" stroke-width="2" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-linecap="round"/><circle cx="48.0" cy="277.2" r="4" fill="#3987e5" stroke="#0d1117" stroke-width="2"><title>China, 2000: 4.9%</title></circle><circle cx="152.4" cy="182.1" r="4" fill="#3987e5" stroke="#0d1117" stroke-width="2"><title>China, 2005: 18.3%</title></circle><circle cx="256.8" cy="108.5" r="4" fill="#3987e5" stroke="#0d1117" stroke-width="2"><title>China, 2010: 28.7%</title></circle><circle cx="361.2" cy="191.2" r="4" fill="#3987e5" stroke="#0d1117" stroke-width="2"><title>China, 2015: 17.0%</title></circle><circle cx="465.6" cy="165.5" r="4" fill="#3987e5" stroke="#0d1117" stroke-width="2"><title>China, 2020: 20.6%</title></circle><circle cx="570.0" cy="57.0" r="4" fill="#3987e5" stroke="#0d1117" stroke-width="2"><title>China, 2025: 35.9%</title></circle><polyline points="48.0,102.3 152.4,153.9 256.8,148.6 361.2,147.1 465.6,189.5 570.0,224.0" fill="none" stroke="#d95926" stroke-width="2" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-linecap="round"/><circle cx="48.0" cy="102.3" r="4" fill="#d95926" stroke="#0d1117" stroke-width="2"><title>EU27, 2000: 29.5%</title></circle><circle cx="152.4" cy="153.9" r="4" fill="#d95926" stroke="#0d1117" stroke-width="2"><title>EU27, 2005: 22.3%</title></circle><circle cx="256.8" cy="148.6" r="4" fill="#d95926" stroke="#0d1117" stroke-width="2"><title>EU27, 2010: 23.0%</title></circle><circle cx="361.2" cy="147.1" r="4" fill="#d95926" stroke="#0d1117" stroke-width="2"><title>EU27, 2015: 23.2%</title></circle><circle cx="465.6" cy="189.5" r="4" fill="#d95926" stroke="#0d1117" stroke-width="2"><title>EU27, 2020: 17.3%</title></circle><circle cx="570.0" cy="224.0" r="4" fill="#d95926" stroke="#0d1117" stroke-width="2"><title>EU27, 2025: 12.4%</title></circle><polyline points="48.0,116.3 152.4,149.3 256.8,205.9 361.2,201.2 465.6,180.8 570.0,226.7" fill="none" stroke="#199e70" stroke-width="2" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-linecap="round"/><circle cx="48.0" cy="116.3" r="4" fill="#199e70" stroke="#0d1117" stroke-width="2"><title>United States, 2000: 27.6%</title></circle><circle cx="152.4" cy="149.3" r="4" fill="#199e70" stroke="#0d1117" stroke-width="2"><title>United States, 2005: 22.9%</title></circle><circle cx="256.8" cy="205.9" r="4" fill="#199e70" stroke="#0d1117" stroke-width="2"><title>United States, 2010: 14.9%</title></circle><circle cx="361.2" cy="201.2" r="4" fill="#199e70" stroke="#0d1117" stroke-width="2"><title>United States, 2015: 15.6%</title></circle><circle cx="465.6" cy="180.8" r="4" fill="#199e70" stroke="#0d1117" stroke-width="2"><title>United States, 2020: 18.5%</title></circle><circle cx="570.0" cy="226.7" r="4" fill="#199e70" stroke="#0d1117" stroke-width="2"><title>United States, 2025: 12.0%</title></circle><text x="580.0" y="61.0" font-size="12" fill="#e4e9f2" text-anchor="start" font-weight="600" >China 35.9%</text><line x1="574.0" y1="224.0" x2="584.0" y2="211.0" stroke="#2c3542" stroke-width="1"/><line x1="574.0" y1="226.7" x2="584.0" y2="235.7" stroke="#2c3542" stroke-width="1"/><text x="586.0" y="214.0" font-size="12" fill="#e4e9f2" text-anchor="start" font-weight="600" >EU27 12.4%</text><text x="586.0" y="238.7" font-size="12" fill="#e4e9f2" text-anchor="start" font-weight="600" >US 12.0%</text><rect x="48" y="5" width="12" height="12" rx="2" fill="#3987e5"/><text x="66.0" y="15.0" font-size="12" fill="#a7b0c0" text-anchor="start" font-weight="400" >China</text><rect x="125" y="5" width="12" height="12" rx="2" fill="#d95926"/><text x="143.0" y="15.0" font-size="12" fill="#a7b0c0" text-anchor="start" font-weight="400" >EU27</text><rect x="195" y="5" width="12" height="12" rx="2" fill="#199e70"/><text x="213.0" y="15.0" font-size="12" fill="#a7b0c0" text-anchor="start" font-weight="400" >United States</text></svg> <figcaption><span class="chart-caption">Share of global AI publications by fractional count, OpenAlex via OECD.AI. China&rsquo;s dip between 2010 and 2015 is in the source data.</span> <a class="chart-data" href="https://stepinto.dev/data/research-publications.csv" download>Download the data (CSV)</a> </figcaption> </figure> <p>The United States and the EU together produced over half of the world&rsquo;s AI papers in 2000. They produce under a quarter now. Volume moved east and it is not coming back.</p>